Calculating-machine.



No. 831,085. PATENTED SEPT. 18, 1906. G. L. MARTIN. OALGULATING MACHINE.

APPLICATION FILED PEB.2,1905.

l7 SHEETS-SHEET 1.

KW W

ATTQRNEYS No. 831,085. PATENTED SEPT. 18, 1906. G. L. MARTIN.

CALCULATING MACHINE.

APPLICATION FILED FEB. 2. 1905. I

17 SHEETS-SHEET 4.

W ATTORN EY No. 831,085. PATENTED SEPT. 18, 1906. G. Li MARTIN.

CALCULATING MACHINE.

APPLICATION FILED FEB. 2, 1905.

17 SHEETS-SHEET G.

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4 as w? rza 76/ INVENTOR mam/m;

WITNESSES:

' ATTORNEY$ No. 831,085.' 'PATENTED SEPT. is, 1906.

G. L. MARTIN. CALCULATING MACHINE.

APPLICATION FILED FEB. 2, 1905.

17 SHEETS-SHEET 7.

ATTORNEYS No. 831,085. PATENTED SEPT. 18, 1906.

, G. L. MARTIN.

CALCULATING MACHINE.

APPLICATION FILED 1113.2, 1905.

17 SHEETSSHE ET 8.

ATTORNEY 5 ITO-831,085. .PATENTED SEPT. 18, 1906. G. L. MARTIN. CALCULATING MACHINE.

APPLICATION FILED PEB.2. 1905.

17 SHEETS-SHBET 9.

INVENTOR I KW ATTORNEYS WITNESSES:

vaw a No. 831,085 I PATENTED SEPT. '18, 1906. G. L. MARTIN. CALCULATING MACHINE.

APPLIOATIOI FILED rnlm. 1905.

17 SHEEN-SHEET 10.

ATTORN EY WITNESSES! No. 831,085. PATENTED- SEPT. 18, 1906.

G. L. MARTIN.

CALCULATING MACHINE.

APPLICATION FILED FEB. 2, 1905.

17 SHEETSSHEET 11.

\\ INVENTOR V p 0C jaw W N wzzm No. 831,085. PATENTED SEPT. 18, 1906.

G. L. MARTIN. CALCULATING MACHINE.

APIPLICATION 11.21) FEB.2. 1905.

17 SHEETS-SHEET l2.

' WITNESSES: g, INVENTOIE {14 0am ATTORNEYS No. 831,085. PATENTED SEPT. 18, 1906. I

G. L. MARTIN.

CALCULATING MACHINE.

APPLICATION FILED FEB.2. 1905.

17 SHEETS-SHEET 13.

j gmtssis ATTORNEYS N0. 831,085. PATENTED SEPT. 18, 1906.

G. L. MARTIN.

CALCULATING MACHINE.

APIfLIOATION TILED FEB. 2. 1905.

17 SHEETS-SHEET 14.

' ATTORNEYS No. 831,085. 'PATENTBD SEPT. 18, 1906.

. G. L. MARTIN.

CALCULATING MACHINE.

APPLICATION IILI ID FEB. Z, 1905.

17 BHEETSBHEBT 15.

ATTORNEYS PATENTED SEPT. 18, 1906. No. 831,085. G. L. MARTIN.

CALCULATING MACHINE.

APPLIOATIOI FILED THE. 2. 1905. 17 BKEET8 SHEET 16 r a $4. oi 3 25 ea 00 8 0 a .5295 e961: of... 2 on. o 2 1 6.. nu pa v0 0: 2 2 2. 2 065B.

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WITNESSES ATTORNEY PATEHTBD SEPT. 18, 1906a C. L. MARTIN. CALCULATING MACHINE.

APPLICATIOI FILED P1112, 1905.

Y 1'] SHEETS-SHEET 17.

' INVQNTOR I%ESSES:

ATTORNEY 'UNITED STATES PAEENT OFFICE.

ASSIGNOR TO BUNDY OF NEW YORK.

CALCULATING-MACHINE.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Sept. 18 1966;

Application filed February 2, 1905. Serial No. 243,856-

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, GEORGE L. MARTIN, a citizen 'of'the United States, and a resident of Binghamton, county or" Broome, State of New York, have invented new and useful Improvements in Calculating-Machines, of which the following is specification.

My invention relates to calculating-machines and to machines for bringing suitable characters upon a printing, reading, or adding line.

It has for its object to improve and simplify such machines and to make them more certain and accurate in operation; also, to improve the means for starting and moving the ty e-bearing devices or type-segments and bringing them into mesh with the adding-wheels and to make such intermeshing more easily accomplished and less liable to binding; also, to provide new and more accurate carrying mechanism, preferably normally out of operative engagement andpreferably positively actuated, and to simplif Y and improve the carrying mechanism of cal culating-machines; also, to provide an interlock between the main operating member and the resetting member to prevent the operation of one after the other has begun its operation.

In the drawings accompanying this specification and forming art hereof I have shown one form of embodiment of my invention, which I will now proceed to describe. My invention as there shown is embodied in a machine provided with a bank of keys of the usual character and arranged to bring upon a printing-line numbers corresponding to the value of the keys depressed tnd to print the said numbers upon a suitable record-strip and also to add such numbers-upon a set of adding-wheels and when desired to print the total represented by such adding-wheels.

of machine, Figure 1 is a side view of such machine; Fig. 2, a plan; Fig. 3, a plan of the interiorwith the to plate and the eyboardsections removed; Fig. dinal'section on the lines 4 4 of Fig. 3; Fig. 5, a similar section on the lines5 '5 of Fig. 3. Fig. 6 is a central longitudinal section on the lines 660i Fig. 3; Fig. 7, a longitudinal sec- Referring now to the drawings of such form tion in-the lines 7 7 of Fig. 3. Fig. 8 is a side elevation of the mechanism looking in the same direction as in Fig. 7, taken on lines 8 8 4, a vertical longituof Fig. 3. Fig; 9 is a rear view of a portion of the inside of the machine, showing a rear view of the carriage. .Fig. 10'is a detail con "'nected with the hammer-tripmechanism of the name-Wheel. Fig. 11 is a cross-section of the machine, showing a front view of the individual type-segments and their connections and also showinga front view' of the carriage, taken on the lines 11 11 of 6. Figs. 12 and Bare detail views of the name wheel and its plate. Fig. 14 is a vertical cross-section on the lines 14 14 of Fig. 6, giving a section of the individual typesegments and their mountings and an elevation of the main cam-shaft of the machine with its cams and levers. Fig; 15 is a detail front view of the adding-wheels and the total-type wheels, the latter being in section. Fig. 16 is a horizontal section of the carriage, taken just above the hammers, showing the carriage removed from the machine, but" mounted upon a portion of the slide-rods. Fig. 17 is a rear view of the crossover-rods and connections. Fig. 18 is a side elevation of one of the keysection units or series of keys. Fig. 19 is a cross-section on the lines 19 19 of Fig. 18. Fig. 20 is a horizontal section of the key mechanism, taken on the lines 20 20 of Fig. 18, intended merelyv to show how the shanks of the keys are held by the retaining-bar. Fig. 21 is a perspective view of an individual type-segment. Fig. 22 is a horizontal section on the lines 22 22 of Fig. 6, showing a part of the carrying mechanism. Fig. 23 is a front view of the front inking-ribbon mechanism. Fig. 24. is a side view of the same. Figs. 25 to 28 are detail views of the counter, Fig. 25 being a bottom view partiallyin section; Fig. 26, a cross-section on the lines 26 26 of Fig. 25. Fig 29 is a diagrammatic or skeleton view showing the position of one series of devices in the position they assume when the 8 key has been depressed and the machine operated by means of its main handle. Fig. 30 is a detail showing the action of one of the hammers. Fig. 3]. is an opposite view of the rear of the machine, showing the mounting for a paper-roll. Fig. 32 is a top view of said roll an its mounting removed from the machine. Fig. 33 is a view of a sli which has been printed on the machine. ig. 34 is a view-of the duplex paper preferabl; used in connection with: the machine. Figs. 35 and 36 are details of the 37 and 38 and 39 are details of the carrying mechanism, showing successive positions of the parts in the operation of the machine. Fig. is a rear view of the same. Fig. 41 is a detail of the hammer-trip of the nameplate.

Before proceeding to describe in detail the various parts of the machine I will briefly state how the machine is operated. The operator first depresses such of the keys as represent the number he wishes to print or add upon themachine. The keys depressed are locked in their down position and the operat'ion of any key a series. of locks in their up position all the other keys of the same series, preventing the depression. of more than one key in the sameseries; He then pulls forward handle 2, secured to a reciprocating rod 3; as far as it will come and then pushes it backward or permits it to return to its backward or normal position.'- This moves such of the type-segments 4 as correspond to the series of keys in which keys have been de pressed a distance corresponding to the value of the respective keys that have'been depressed, bringing the one of 'a series of type 5 carried by the typlmsegment corresponding to the value. of t e corresponding'key depressed upon the printing-line underneath one ofa series of hammers 6 and also adding the same number upon a series of totaladdwheels 7 by means of a gear 8, mounted on .a type-segment 4 and through an intermediate series of adding-wheels 9, meshing with cars 10, secured to total-adding wheels 7.

he movement of handle 2 also. causes such I of the hammers 6 as are tripped in a manner to be hereinafter described to print the numbers set upon the printing-line upon any-suitable record-strip, such as the strip of paper -11. The operation of the handle 2 also returns all of the parts to their ori inal'or normal ositions. The operation o the handle also eeds the paper strip and an inking-ribbon. The result of the 0 eration is to print upon the strip the numl ier represented by the keys depressed and to add the same number upon the total-adding wheels. If the operator desires to print a totalat any time,

he pushes the carriage 12, which contains the and someother parts of the printi 'atlon effects the mg mechanism, backward along the top of the machine until the hammers .6 are over the top of the total-adding wheels 7, This oper-" Printing ofthe total upon .the paper'strip, leaving a space between the i ta and the items of the account above it,

asshown in Fig. 33. Onthe return of the carriage to its normalposition the pa r is ;-fed toleave a space between said tota and the items of the next account. The operator 0 at any time by a reset-handle 13 re s iat the adding-wheels at zero.

semen I will now proceed to'descr be in detail the different parts of the machine."-'-

The driving mechanism.This is more particularly illustrated in Figs.' 1 to 8, inclusive. i

In the driving mechanism of my machine I provide a driving member adapted to rotate in one direction only, which, as shown, is the transferring the rocking movement of one into the continuous rotation of the other. These connections are so arranged and adapted that the movement of the handle 2'in one main driving-shaft 14, a reciprocating m'emdirection will cause the main driving-shaft 14 to be rotated a difierent amount from that imparted-to it by the movement of said handle in the opposite direction. I prefer to arrange the parts so that "the forward or initial movement of the handle 2 will rotate shaft 14 the greater distance and in the arrangement shown in the drawings thatiforward movement will rotate shaft 14 two-thirds of a complete revolution, while the return movement of handle 2 to its original position will rotate the shaft the remaining one-third of a com Ieterevolution. Theconnectionsshown for this purpose are as follows: 16 is a plate fast to shaft 15. 17 is a late loosely mounted on the shaft. Sliding y mounted on plate 17 is a slide-plate '18, havin an extension 19 movable between studs 20 0 plate 17. Slideplate 18 is capable of a sliding movemento'n plate 17. This sliding plate is provided with two reverselyacting sets of gearing 21 and 22. iThese sets of gea are arrangedat different radial distances om the center of the rock shaft 15 and when operative are concentric therewith, one gearing 21 facing outward from the center, the other facing inward- These gears 21 and 22 are so arranged that if the sliding plate is in its outward. radial osition gear 21 will mesh witha gearwhee 23 and gear 22 will be out of mesh, while if the'sliding plate is in its inward radial position gear 22 will mesh with the opposite side of gear-wheel 23 and gear 21 will be out of mesh; Means are provided for throwing one of these sets of gears into inesh with gearwheel 23 when the rock-shaft rotates one way and the other into mesh when it rotates .the other way. In sliding plate 18 there is .a cam-slot 24, in which works roller 25, attached to plate 16. The upper part of plate 16 has a tooth 2'6. Mounte inthe different positions of the-parts-to strike pins 30, mounted on the side frame of the machine. Mounted on plate '17 are two pins 31 31, .and reacting with these pins, but

on plate 17 is a, pawl 27, which'has an extension 28 at? the mounted on the side frame, are two pawls 32 32, which are spring-actuated and have limiting stop-pins 33 33. Pawl 27 has a pin 34, coactmg with pin 26 of plate 16. The operation of these devices is as follows: In the position shown in Fig. 4, which is the normal position before the operation of the machine,

pawl 27 is against pin and tooth 34 is raised out of engagement with tooth 26. Pawl 32 engages pin 31. Gear 21 is in'mesh with gear-wheel 23, while gear 22 is out of 'mesh. The forward movement of handle 2 22 into mesh with it on its opposite side. The slight further movement of the handle will cause extensions 28 of pawl 27 to free its upger pin 30, and the tooth 34 will drop out o ehind tooth 26. Before this takes place plate 16 will have moved forward or to the right a sufficient distance to bring the tooth 34 back of tooth 26. By this time roller 25 will have reached the forward end of slot 24. In this position of the parts roller 25 in slot 24 on one side of ins 26 and 34 will rigidly and positively loc plates 16 and 17, so that forward movement of plate 16 will cause the movement of late 17 and its connections the same as the parts formed one rigid structure. This ri idity is essentialfor the accurate and relia le working of the machine. Further forward movement of the handle will cause gear-wheel 23 to rotate in the direction of the arrow, which will rotate gear 35 in the direction of its arrow, rotating f main drivi -shaft 14 in the same direction. When hand e 2 has reached its forward position, pin 31 looks into pawl 32, the end 29 of awl 27 rides u against pin 30 and frees late 16 from p ate 1'7, preparing the parts fbr the return movement. When handle 2 begins its backward movement,-plate 16 being free from plate 17, roller 25 moves to the opposite or rear end of slot 24, throwim gear 22 out of mesh with gear-wheel 23 and gear 31 into mesh and freeing pin v31Lfrom pawl 32, permitting the return of p te 17 and its connections, while the movem'e t of the parts to the rear frees extension 29 from pin 30 and permits pin 34 to drop downward. By tlns time in 26 has moved to the rear of pin 34 and the latter-drops down in froht of in 36. Plates 16 and .17 are again rigidly ocked together by means of roller 25 and slot 24 and pins 26 and 34, and plate 17 is carried backward by the movement of plate 16. At tached to plate 16 is a spring 36, anchored to the side frame of the machine. The pur ose of this spring is to return the parts to t eir original or normal ositions in case the operator lets go of the ndle while on its return or does not push it back far enough. Spring 36 is so proportioned that it will bring the parts back to their original position in such a case. As the parts reach their original positions pawl 32 again locks with pin 31, locking plate 17 and its connections in their original positions, and extension 28 onpawl 27 contacts with pin 30, lifting tooth 34 out of enga emerit with tooth 36, preparin the parts or the next operation of the mac no.

The reversely-acting gears facing in opposite directions and operating upon different sides of the gear-wheel 23 when success vely in engagement with it rotate that gear and with it the main driving-shaft always in the same direction. The arrangement of these gears 21 and 22 at different distances from the center of the rock-shaft enables the main driving-shaft to be rotated 82 greater distance when the handle 2 is moved in one direction than in the other. As shown in the machine, these parts are soproportioned that on the forward or initial movement of handle 2 shaft 14 is rotated two-thirds of a complete revolution and one-third of a revolution'on the return of handle 2 to its original position. One advantage of this arrangement is that practically the entire work performed by the machine is accomplished bythe forwardpull of the handle 2. In the machine shown no work is performed on the return of the ham-- dle except to return to their original ositions a few of i the parts of the mac 'ne. Through such an arrangement the returnspring 36 can be madecomparatively very light. Where'this spring is made stron as it must be where a considerable art of the work is done on the return of t e handle, spring 36 must be made vs heavy, thus increasing the amount of wot to be done by a person in operating the machine. In practice it has been found that the ordinary o erator will not push a reciprocating han e backward at least to its full limit or with the. force with which he will pull it forward and that most operators will let the some point during the return. For these reasons a return-spring is essentialfor practical use. This arrangement, moreover, enables the machine to be made very rapid, ac. curate, and positive in operation.

In order that gear 21 may pass in front of ear-wheel 35, gear-wheel 23 is made of double width, so that gears21-and 22 mesh with the front half ofit, While its rear half, as shown in lg. 3.

Keyboard mechamlmmhis. is specially illustrated in Figs. 2, 3, 18, 19, and 20. The keyboard consists, as shown, of a bank of keys 1 1, consisting of eight series, each having nine keys. The keys 1 are mounted in grooves in a casing 37, having one casing for each series of 'ke s, which casing and its series of keys an connections-form one of the keyboard units. The casings 37 are mounted on rods 38 38, which pass through handle; go at gear 35 meshes with 

